Regional Imbalances in Provisioning and Participation in Education in India and Pakistan

Published - Jan 1, 2021

Despite substantial progress over the past couple of decades, regional inequalities in participation and provision in education have persisted in South Asia. Persistent inequalities in provision and low quality of public services represent a failure of service delivery. There is a growing recognition that failures of service delivery are to be understood as failures of governance, and governance is a process that links various actors (including government functionaries, political representatives, teachers and school managers, students, parents, and communities) in relationships of accountability. This chapter documents regional inequalities in outcomes and resource allocations in India and Pakistan. Drawing on political economy frameworks, it describes accountability relationships that comprise systems of education service delivery and rediscovers empirical literature in the context of India and Pakistan that helps to inform understanding of the accountability relationships.

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Malik, R. & De, A. (2021). Regional Imbalances in Provisioning and Participation in Education in India and Pakistan. In: Sarangapani, P.M., Pappu, R. (eds) Handbook of Education Systems in South Asia. Global Education Systems. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0032-9_22

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